5772. POURQUOI ON A ENVAHI LA LIBYE ?

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LIBYE

CIA
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ly.html

POPULATION

6,597,960

(July 2011 est.)

ÉCONOMIE

The Libyan economy depends primarily upon revenues from the oil sector, which contribute about 95% of export earnings, 25% of GDP, and 80% of government revenue.

The weakness in world hydrocarbon prices in 2009 reduced Libyan government tax income and constrained economic growth.

Substantial revenues from the energy sector coupled with a small population give Libya one of the highest per capita GDPs in Africa, but little of this income flows down to the lower orders of society.

Libyan officials in the past five years have made progress on economic reforms as part of a broader campaign to reintegrate the country into the international fold.

This effort picked up steam after UN sanctions were lifted in September 2003 and as Libya announced in December 2003 that it would abandon programs to build weapons of mass destruction.

[Erreur fatale! Sinon, comme la Corée du Nord, le Pakistan et l'Iran, il ferait l'objet de lamentations aigües de toutes les pleureuses humanitaires de la planète mais monsieur Kadhafi serait toujours vivant. Il a voulu être conciliant pensant qu'on l'en aimerait davantage. Et il a été tué comme un chien.]

The process of lifting US unilateral sanctions began in the spring of 2004; all sanctions were removed by June 2006, helping Libya attract greater foreign direct investment, especially in the energy sector.

Libyan oil and gas licensing rounds continue to draw high international interest;

[Et on assistera au pillage du pays. Et le «renouvellement» des contrats pétroliers. De la part du nouveau pouvoir à qui on demandera également de «rembourser» l'investissement militaire qu'on a fait en sa faveur. Comme monsieur Saddam Hussein dans le temps qui a fait la guerre à l'Iran, au grand plaisir des USA et qui s'attendait pas après tous ces morts (1 million des 2 côtés) à ce qu'on lui fasse payer l'«assistance technique». Il n'y a qu'Israël qui a l'«assistance technique» des USA gratos.]

the National Oil Corporation (NOC) set a goal of nearly doubling oil production to 3 million bbl/day by 2012.

In November 2009, the NOC announced that that target may slip to as late as 2017.

Libya faces a long road ahead in liberalizing the socialist-oriented economy, [sob!] but initial steps - including applying for WTO membership, reducing some subsidies, and announcing plans for privatization - are laying the groundwork for a transition to a more market-based economy.

The non-oil manufacturing and construction sectors, which account for more than 20% of GDP, have expanded from processing mostly agricultural products to include the production of petrochemicals, iron, steel, and aluminum.

Climatic conditions and poor soils severely limit agricultural output, and Libya imports about 75% of its food.

Libya's primary agricultural water source remains the Great Manmade River Project, but significant resources are being invested in desalinization research to meet growing water demands.

GDP (PURCHASING POWER PARITY):

$90.57 billion (2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 74

GDP - PER CAPITA (PPP):

$14,000 (2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 82

BUDGET SURPLUS (+)

9.6% of GDP (2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 8

PUBLIC DEBT:

3.3% of GDP (2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 133

STOCK OF NARROW MONEY:

$33.06 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 53

STOCK OF BROAD MONEY:

$35.98 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE:

$16.16 billion (2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 17

RESERVES OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE AND GOLD:

$99.84 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 20

DEBT - EXTERNAL:

$6.386 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 99

STOCK OF DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENT - AT HOME:

$17.08 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 71

STOCK OF DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENT - ABROAD:

$15.32 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 49

INDUSTRIES:

petroleum, petrochemicals, aluminum, iron and steel, food processing, textiles, handicrafts, cement

OIL - PRODUCTION:

1.789 million bbl/day (2010 est.)

OIL - EXPORTS:

1.385 million bbl/day (2009 est.)

OIL - PROVED RESERVES:

46.42 billion bbl (1 January 2011 est.)

NATURAL GAS - EXPORTS:

9.89 billion cu m (2009 est.)

NATURAL GAS - PROVED RESERVES:

1.548 trillion cu m (1 January 2011 est.)

EXPORTS:

$46.31 billion (2010 est.)

country comparison to the world: 58

EXPORTS - COMMODITIES:

crude oil, refined petroleum products, natural gas, chemicals

EXPORTS - PARTNERS:

Italy 31.6%, France 13%, China 9.2%, Spain 9.1%, Germany 8.4%, US 4.5% (2010)

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LIBYA

1 November 2011
BBC
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13754897

Libya, a mostly desert and oil-rich country on the southern shores of the Mediterranean Sea with an ancient history (…)

A former Roman colony, Libya saw invasions by Vandals, Byzantines, Arabs, Turks and more recently Italians before gaining independence in 1951.

[Et encore une fois par les Italiens et les autres colonisateurs régionaux: France, Angleterre, etc. ]

Oil was discovered in 1959 and made the state - then a kingdom ruled by the head of the Senussi sufi order - wealthy.

Col Gaddafi came to power by overthrowing King Idris in a coup in 1969, ten years after independence (…)

In 2011, the colonel's autocratic government was brought to an end by a six-month uprising and ensuing civil war.

[Et Il fut assassiné le 20 octobre 2011]

The country is currently governed by the National Transitional Council that emerged from the rebellion and has pledged to turn Libya into a pluralist, democratic state.

[Ben voyons! Comme l’Afghanistan ?]